@article{WagnerWiegand2018,
  author    = {Wagner, Oliver and Wiegand, Julia},
  title     = {Prepayment metering : household experiences in Germany},
  journal   = {Renewable and sustainable energy reviews},
  volume    = {98},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.rser.2018.09.025},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:wup4-opus-71524},
  pages     = {407 -- 414},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Poor households in Germany and those that are close to the poverty line are more likely to suffer from increases in electricity costs. One consequence of this is the increasing number of cases in which the supplier disconnects a household's power. According to the Federal Network Agency (Bundesnetzagentur), a total of almost 359,000 interruptions of the electricity supply were caused in 2015 due to outstanding payments. In order to avoid disconnection from the electricity grid, more and more utility companies have begun to offer prepayment meters (PPMs) to their customers as a response to outstanding payments and a growing number of customers owing debts to their energy supplier. The phenomenon of an increasing number of households affected by energy poverty in Germany is new, and thus the number of PPMs is still low. As a result, experiences in this context are - compared to other countries (e.g. Great Britain) - far from extensive, and political awareness of the problem is low. This paper presents the findings of Germany's first scientific survey on experiences with the use of PPMs.},
  language  = {en}
}