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Living-Lab-as-a-Service : exploring the market and sustainability offers of living labs in Germany
(2018)
A global collaborative accounting network to calculate the resource use of products and services
(2015)
The effectiveness of sustainable product and service innovations is often restricted by limited market acceptance or unexpected consumption patterns. The latter includes rebound effects, which occur when resources liberated by savings are used for further consumption. Recently emerging research from the Living Lab is striving to address and anticipate challenges in innovation design by integrating users in prototyping and field testing product and service innovations. The paper presents findings from a literature review on rebound effects and expert interviews identifying methods to monitor and measures to mitigate rebound effects in early innovation design via Living Lab research.
We find that monitoring and mitigating rebound effects in Living Lab research includes technological and behavioural triggers as well as socio-psychological and time use effects in addition to economic re-spending effects. The experts have confirmed that Living Labs contain the potential to observe complex demand systems of users within experimental designs, encompassing indirect rebound effects in terms of expenditure as well as time use. In this respect, Living Lab research can facilitate support for sustainable innovations, which aim to encourage changes in consumer behaviour, considering re-spending and time use effects simultaneously.
Domestic sustainability innovations are considered to play a key role for pathways to sustainable consumption. The paper shows how open innovation processes can lead to such sustainable innovations, by means of an experimental and interactive infrastructure. It presents how – based on results of the LivingLab project conducted at the Wuppertal Institute within a European Consortium (Lead TU Delft) - currently an extended Sustainable LivingLab approach is developed and applied in two joint research projects at national and international level. To conceptualise this approach, we refer to recent proceedings in innovation and sustainability research, i.e. practice theory to analyse sustainable product design. Focusing on technical solutions and individual behaviour while assuming people's needs as fixed entities, disregards the dynamics of everyday practices in which technologies themselves create needs. Therefore, the consumer's position should be strengthened through userdriven innovation. LivingLabs are combined lab-/household systems, which put the user, i.e. the home occupant, and value chain related actors (producer, handicraft, etc.) on centre stage in the innovation process. We introduce its research agenda and the Three Phases Model of research. We hypothesise that at the end of this userintegrated innovation process developed products have a higher chance of successful diffusion. To illustrate this, we show how the LivingLab infrastructure is employed for the German InnovationCity Ruhr and how it can promote the development of user-centred sustainable consumption strategies.
Current production and consumption patterns remain unsustainable: Global economic growth reaches planetary boundaries and puts increasing pressure on the world's natural resources. Whereas most economic actors just react to environmental pressures, proactive market actors and other non-governmental organisations, e.g. greentec firms or fair trade organisations, turn them into market opportunities or even create standards or certification schemes as promising problem-solving market instruments in global value chains. However, how legitimate are standards and certification schemes developed by collaborating non-state actors for sustainability in global value chains? What are conditions for the success of those market-based governance mechanisms? This paper discusses the legitimacy and effectiveness of standard setting in the case of palm oil and focuses on the Roundtable of Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) as the first global standard setting initiative in this respect. Conditions for the success of sustainability standard setting in global value chains are identified based on the concept of non-state market-driven (NSMD) governance, based on literature review and expert interviews on standard setting. Results from the case study on RSPO highlight strengths and weaknesses of its standard setting process in the light of increasing market demand for palm oil.
Resource-efficient construction : the role of eco-innovation for the construction sector in Europe
(2011)
In globalisierten Wirtschaftsstrukturen kann die Umwelt- und Sozialverträglichkeit von Produktion und Konsum nicht mehr von einzelnen Staaten, einzelnen Unternehmen oder einzelnen Konsument(inn)en effektiv umgesetzt werden. Sie ist zu einer globalen, grenzüberschreitenden Gestaltungsaufgabe geworden. Angesichts dieser Herausforderung kooperieren viele Unternehmen und Nichtregierungsorganisationen, um gemeinsam internationale Standards für Nachhaltigkeit in globalen Wertschöpfungsketten und Märkte für zertifizierte Produkte zu entwickeln. Doch wie können die Wirkungen dieser nicht-staatlichen Nachhaltigkeitsstandards systematisch erfasst werden? Wie kann der Prozess der Standardsetzung und Zertifizierung im Sinne einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung erfolgreich gestaltet werden? Justus von Geibler stellt in seiner Dissertation wesentliche Erfolgsfaktoren für die Entwicklung von nicht-staatlichen Nachhaltigkeitsstandards dar. Auf der Basis der Strukturationstheorie und empirischen Studien zur Zertifizierung nachwachsender Rohstoffe entwickelt er ein Analyseschema, mit dem sich Nachhaltigkeitseffekte von Produkten und Wirkungen der Nachhaltigkeitsstandards in Wertschöpfungsketten differenziert darstellen lassen. Er untersucht detailliert zwei aktuelle Praxisbeispiele, den "Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil" und den "Roundtable for Sustainable Biofuels". Aus den Ergebnissen werden Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet, um Nachhaltigkeitsstandards und Zertifizierung erfolgreicher für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung nutzbar zu machen.
Wo geht die Reise hin?
(2010)
Globale Wertschöpfungsketten : eine Frage der Nachhaltigkeit ; das Beispiel der Palmölindustrie
(2010)
Gleichstand nach 12000 Seiten : welches Produkt ist umweltschonender: E-Book oder gedrucktes Buch?
(2010)
Das Buch analysiert aktuelle Trends und zeigt auf, wie Zukunftsmärkte erschlossen werden müssen, um den Universalbaustoff Holz in nachhaltiger Weise im Neu- und Altbau attraktiver zu machen. Anknüpfend an die Praxiserfahrungen aus dem Projekt "Holzwende 2020plus" werden konkrete Methoden zur Markterschließung vorgestellt. Ein weiterer Fokus liegt auf dem Transferkonzept, durch das die Projektergebnisse auf unterschiedlichen Wegen für die verschiedenen Zielgruppen aufbereitet werden.
Assessing social aspects
(2006)
COMPASS to sustainability
(2006)
Accounting for the social dimension of sustainability : experiences from the biotechnology industry
(2006)
Accounting for the social dimension of sustainability proves to be a challenge for corporate practitioners, due to its intangible, qualitative nature and lack of consensus on relevant criteria. We suggest a semi-quantitative approach based on stakeholder involvement to identify relevant aspects for a sector specific assessment of the social dimension. Our case study on biotechnology illustrates that the dialogue with internal and external stakeholders enabled the creation of a key performance indicator (KPI) set to account for social sustainability in the early design stages of biotechnological processes and product development. Indicators for eight aspects are identified for the social assessment: health and safety, quality of working conditions, impact on employment, education and training, knowledge management, innovation potential, customer acceptance and societal product benefit, and social dialogue. We describe the integration of the KPI set in a software application, tailor made for practitioners of the sector, and highlight first user experiences.