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Wer die Energie hat, hat die Macht. Dieses Buch analysiert die zentrale Rolle, die Energie spielt - national und noch mehr für die Ordnung unserer Welt. Wie wird die Energieversorgung in Zukunft aussehen? Eine Energiepolitik nach dem Motto "Business as usual" wird in der immer schneller zusammenwachsenden Welt unfriedlich enden. Der Appetit der größten Verbraucher wächst ungezügelt weiter, neue, in ihrem Verbrauch schnell wachsende Länder wie China oder Indien kommen dazu. Alle wollen billige Energie im angeblich freien, tatsächlich aber hoch monopolisierten Wettbewerb. Doch ohne eine Umsteuern heißt der Preis gigantische Energiemultis, die Gefahr großer Umweltkatastrophen, riskante Stromausfälle, neue atomare Bedrohungen und explosive Kriege um knapper werdendes Öl und Erdgas. Die Zeit drängt und auch ein entfesselter Energiemarkt hilft nicht weiter. Die Energieversorgung ist ein öffentliches Gut, das dauerhaft allen und gerecht verteilt zur Verfügung stehen muss. Deshalb braucht die Lösung der Energiefrage den gestaltenden Staat, eine engagierte Zivilgesellschaft, kreative Ingenieure, qualifizierte Arbeitnehmer und verantwortungsbewusste Energiemanager, um die drei Zukunftssäulen Energiesparen, Effizienzsteigern und Erneuerbare Energien aufzubauen. Deutschland kann dabei eine Vorreiterrolle übernehmen. Wir stehen vor der Herausforderung, wie wir die Weltmacht Energie einsetzen wollen: für Frieden und Wohlstand im Zeichen der Demokratie, oder für eine zunehmende Zerstörung der Welt. Dieses Buch zeigt, dass es Wege aus der Misere gibt. Entscheidend ist, die Weltmacht Energie zu demokratisieren. Dann können alle von ihr profitieren.
Institutional theory scholars have been successful at explaining how organizations strive to attain a stable framework for their patterns of interaction, but have, until recently, struggled to account for institutional renewal. Institutional change happens when new practices become accepted and interactions between organizations carry new meanings. This historical study of the international climate change mitigation regime (1992 - 1997) provides insight into the dynamic processes that take place during the early stage of institutionalization. More specifically, the thesis examines the following issues: How do power differentials shift during institutional change? How do institutions operate in the environmental field? How can entrepreneurs influence their institutional setting? How do certain groups of organizations bring about or support particular sets of ideological frames? The empirical study analyses the policy innovation of the Clean Development Mechanism, proposed in the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The thesis confirms that the proposed governance of climate-friendly technology transfer constitutes institutional change and the emergence of a proto-institution. It furthermore analyzes how the organizational actors brought about this innovation and how the change in meaning was introduced into the public sphere. The qualitative research methods that were employed include observation at climate negotiations, focus groups of climate policy professionals, semi-structured interviews of policy makers, and content analysis of archival data.
PICOLight : appendix 6
(2005)
A discussion on the potential for the development of hydrogen as an energy carrier in Portugal
(2005)
Limits
(2005)
Poverty
(2005)
Objective of this study is to support the development of a Thematic Strategy for Sustainable Use and Management of Resources through the provision of background information, in particular "an estimate of materials and waste streams in the Community, including imports and exports" (Article 8 a 6th EAP) using the method of material flow accounting. It further presents first ideas on how the resource use pattern of the EU can be assessed with regards to priority setting for possible policy measures.
By referring to the concept of Industrial Metabolism, resources are defined in a broad sense, embracing the source and sink function of the natural environment, i.e. the provision of raw materials and land, and the absorption of residual materials (waste and emissions). Environmental impacts are associated not only with the extraction, harvesting and catching of raw materials but also with the subsequent production, use and disposal of products and goods. It is the total of environmental impacts associated with the entire life cycle of raw materials which has to be considered.
Three generic "management rules" for the sustainable use and management of renewable and non-renewable natural resources are presented and discussed which have been formulated by several political institutions based on scientific literature:
1. The use of renewable resources should not exceed their renewal and/or regeneration rates.
2. The use of non-renewable resources should not exceed the rate at which substitutes are developed (should be limited to levels at which they can either be replaced by physically or functionally equivalent renewable resources or at which consumption can be offset by increasing the productivity of renewable or non-renewable resources).
3. Outputs of substances to the environment (pollution) should not exceed the assimilative capacity of environmental media ("absorption capacities").
The study "Review of voluntary approaches in the European Union" has been conducted in the context of the project "Feasibility study on demonstration of voluntary approaches for industrial environmental management in China" and aims at evaluating the experience with voluntary agreements between industry and public authorities in the European Union. It is part of a comparative study between Europe and China. The study aims at providing a basis for adoption and further development of voluntary agreements in China. Therefore, conceptual information and case studies are presented in order to illustrate the instrument, its chances and risks as well as success factors.
Renewables and off-grid rural electrification in developing countries : dimensions and trends
(2005)
IMAGO - Innovative Marketing- und Angebotskonzepte in Gemeinden mit Ortsbussystemen : Schlussbericht
(2005)