Open Access

Energy sufficiency has recently gained increasing attention as a way to limit and reduce total energy consumption of households and overall. This paper presents selected results of a research project funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research that examined the potentials and barriers for energy sufficiency with a focus on electricity in households, how household members perceive sufficiency practices, and how policymakers could support and encourage these. Bottom-up calculations for an average 2-person household in Germany yielded a total electricity savings potential from energy efficiency and sufficiency combined of theoretically up to 75 %. The continuous growth of per capita living space was identified as one important driver for additional energy consumption both for heat and electricity. The paper will present findings of a representative survey of 600 persons responsible for the housework. It revealed that a part of the households is already practicing sufficiency options or are open towards these. Up to 30 % of these households can imagine, given the right conditions and policy support, to move to a smaller dwelling or to share an apartment with others when they are older. Results of a first comprehensive analysis of an energy sufficiency policy to encourage and support households to sufficiency practices form the second part of the paper, with a focus on the feasibility and potential effectiveness of instruments for limiting the growth in average living space per person. This includes a case study on fostering communal housing projects as a measure to reduce living space. Further, the feasibility of a cap scheme for the total electricity sales of a supplier to its customers was examined. Instruments supporting energy-efficient and sufficient purchase and use of equipment complete the integrated energy sufficiency and efficiency policy package. The paper will finally present the project's conclusions on an integrated energy sufficiency policy package resulting from this analysis.

Im Zuge der weltweiten Bewegung für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung treten die Kommunen mit ihrer Bürgerschaft in einen umfassenden Konsultationsprozeß über die gemeinsame Zukunft. Die in den Städten erarbeiteten Konzepte und Empfehlungen scheitern oftmals an der Umsetzung. Der Verfasser stellt in mehreren Konkretisierungsschritten das Nachhaltigkeitsparadigma plastisch dar. Dabei wird auf der einen Seite deutlich, daß Kommunen für konkrete Umsetzungsstrategien im Rahmen des Nachhaltigkeitskonzepts besonders geeignet sind. Auf der anderen Seite wird aber auch dargestellt, wo die Grenzen kommunaler Strategien liegen. Mit einem institutionellen Vorschlag im Schlußteil wird gezeigt, wie dem Problem der zögerlichen Umsetzung von Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien begegnet werden kann.