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Time is pressing with regard to climate protection targets and adapting to the consequences of climate change. In addition, there is a lack of affordable housing and social infrastructure in many of Germany's larger cities, while at the same time there is a great need to renovate buildings and infrastructure in many places. In cities, these complex challenges overlap and put pressure on administrations and politics. At the same time, the regular processes in urban planning and development are lengthy and often conflicting. Achieving objectives - from energy efficiency and climate protection, land and environmental protection to social goals - hardly seems realistic.
In different projects, the Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy has dealt with integration challenges of multi-level policy, structures and processes in municipal administrations, and issues related to an accelerated implementation of climate action. We now analysed obstacles in building and planning law that stand in the way of achieving a climate-neutral building stock, supported the urban planning and the environmental department in the City of Wiesbaden to develop and test the application of “rules of sustainable urban development” including new, co-operative working structures in the administration and developed a conceptual model to support sustainable urban development through stringent policy design in a multi-level system, a co-operative approach at municipal level and a thematic integration of different sustainability dimensions through a "triple integration".
The paper describes the challenges municipalities are facing with regard to achieving sustainable development in general and climate-neutrality in particular. It explains the methodological approach and the concept of a "triple integration" model. From this, recommendations are derived for an integrated and stringent approach to foster implementation at the municipal level.
Established in 2016, the German-Japanese Energy Transition Council (GJETC) strives to promote bilateral cooperation between Germany and Japan on energy transition. Among other studies and topical papers, an output paper in 2020 (Rauschen et al., 2020) already compared the energy efficiency in buildings in both countries with a particular focus on heating and cooling. One important finding of this output paper was that further efforts in the building sector are needed to improve the energy efficiency of buildings in Germany and Japan. Following the more ambitious climate protection targets in both countries, this study seeks to analyze the German and Japanese policies put in place to accelerate the decarbonization of the building sector. The decarbonization of the vast number of buildings that both Japan and Germany are facing will be a major contribution to achieving the GHG reduction targets of both countries and should continue to be discussed among experts and developed into a discussion among policy makers.
This report examines and compares the characteristics of the building stock in both countries, as well as existing policies and new strategies and policies that are planned or discussed to achieve energy conservation and decarbonization of buildings. The current shape of buildings, especially houses, is greatly influenced by the land area of the country corresponding to the available space for buildings, the natural environment surrounding the country, the natural resources available, and the lifestyle and cultural ideas that have been passed down and taken root over time. Therefore, it might be difficult to compare them and the corresponding strategies and policies with the same yardstick, so we also discuss common or deviant situations. Through this joint research, we aim to find each other's advantages and challenges and to develop useful and concrete policy recommendations that will contribute to decarbonization policies in both countries.
