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The analysis of different global energy scenarios in part I of the report confirms that the exploitation of energy efficiency potentials and the use of renewable energies play a key role in reaching global CO2 reduction targets. An assessment on the basis of a broad literature research in part II shows that the technical potentials of renewable energy technologies are a multiple of today's global final energy consumption. The analysis of cost estimates for renewable electricity generation technologies and even long term cost projections across the key studies in part III demonstrates that assumptions are in reasonable agreement. In part IV it is shown that by implementing technical potentials for energy efficiency improvements in demand and supply sectors by 2050 can be limited to 48% of primary energy supply in IEA's "Energy Technology Perspectives" baseline scenario. It was found that a large potential for cost-effective measures exists, equivalent to around 55-60% of energy savings of all included efficiency measures (part V). The results of the analysis on behavioural changes in part VI show that behavioural dimensions are not sufficiently included in energy scenarios. Accordingly major research challenges are revealed.
Development of alternative energy and climate scenarios for the Czech Republic : final report
(2009)
Bis zum Jahr 2050 ist in Deutschland ein ausreichender Klima- und Ressourcenschutz technisch möglich und für die Volkswirtschaft vorteilhafter als eine Referenzentwicklung ("business as usual"): Das ist die Kernbotschaft, die von einer Vielzahl vorliegender Langfrist-Energieszenarien ausgeht. Auch das aktuelle Energiekonzept (September 2010) der Regierungskoalition aus CDU/CSU und FDP formuliert - gestützt auf Szenarien - quantifizierte Leitziele, die noch vor einigen Jahren als ökologische Utopien abgetan worden wären. Ist die Energiepolitik also auf einem guten Weg? Wie weit tragen die Techniken für Energieeffizienz und Erneuerbare? Ist effizient auch suffizient? Dieser Beitrag beantwortet diese Fragen mit drei Thesen. Erstens: Die Integration von Energieeffizienz und erneuerbaren Energien ist "die Brücke" zur Nachhaltigkeit. Zweitens: Die volkswirtschaftlich attraktiven Synergien zwischen Ressourcen- und Energieeffizienz müssen gehoben werden. Drittens: Eine Strategie für mehr Ressourceneffizienz muss in eine "Kultur der Genügsamkeit" eingebettet werden.
As part of this dissertation, a categorisation of the social costs of electricity supply is suggested. The following three main cost categories are differentiated: plant-level costs, system costs and external costs. Different types of costs are allocated to these categories and are examined and quantified (to the extent possible) for several power generation technologies. The limits of monetizing certain types of costs are also discussed. In a further step, and based on a large number of empirical studies, individual factors that have had a significant influence on the development of plant-level costs in the past, are identified and categorized. Finally, based on an online survey conducted among energy modellers, the dissertation examines to what extent the identified relevant types of costs and cost-influencing factors are taken into account in different types of energy models.
Minderungspfade
(2021)