Refine
Has Fulltext
- no (5151) (remove)
Year of Publication
- 2024 (24)
- 2023 (62)
- 2022 (55)
- 2021 (51)
- 2020 (55)
- 2019 (91)
- 2018 (99)
- 2017 (114)
- 2016 (124)
- 2015 (131)
- 2014 (146)
- 2013 (235)
- 2012 (199)
- 2011 (208)
- 2010 (226)
- 2009 (241)
- 2008 (270)
- 2007 (283)
- 2006 (211)
- 2005 (242)
- 2004 (216)
- 2003 (198)
- 2002 (237)
- 2001 (172)
- 2000 (168)
- 1999 (194)
- 1998 (186)
- 1997 (168)
- 1996 (177)
- 1995 (131)
- 1994 (108)
- 1993 (83)
- 1992 (32)
- 1991 (14)
Document Type
- Contribution to Periodical (1635)
- Part of a Book (1424)
- Report (929)
- Working Paper (316)
- Peer-Reviewed Article (278)
- Conference Object (276)
- Book (171)
- Doctoral Thesis (99)
- Master Thesis (8)
- Habilitation (5)
Language
Division
A promising candidate that may follow conventional vehicles with internal combustion engines combines hydrogen from regenerative sources of energy, fuelcells and an electric drive train. For early fleets introduced the refuelling infrastructure needs to be in place at least to the extent of the vehicles operational reach. The question arises which strategies may help to keep initial hydrogen and infrastructure cost low? Industrial production, distribution and use of hydrogen is well-established and the volumes handled are substantial. Even though today's industrialhydrogen is not in tune with the long-term sustainable vision, hydrogen production and infrastructure already in place might serve as a nucleus for putting that vision into practice. This contribution takes stock of industrial production and use of hydrogen in North Rhine-Westphalia based on a recently finalized project. It demonstrates to which extent industrial hydrogen could be used for a growing number of vehicles and at which time additional capacity might need to be installed.
Material flows induced by national economies can be regarded as indirect pressure indicators for environmental degradation. Economy-wide material flow analysis and indicators have been designed to monitor material and energy flows at the macroeconomic level and to provide indicators, which could contribute to management of resourceuse and output emission flows from both economic, environmental and broader sustainability points of view. These indicators can serve various purposes including monitoring the material basis of national economies and related environmental pressures, assessment of the material and resource productivity and monitoring the implications of trade and globalisation.
The main part of this paper compares the material and resourceuse of the Czech Republic, Germany and the EU-15 by means of DMI and TMR indicators over the period of 1991–2004 (1991–2000 for EU-15). At the aggregate level both indicators in all three economies do not show any clear decreasing or increasing trends over the period considered. This means that environmental pressure related to use of materials for production and consumption purposes remains rather stable. All the economies however, recorded an increase in the efficiency of transforming the material/resource inputs into economic output. The analysis further revealed that most of the dynamics of DMI and TMR in the Czech Republic tended towards a higher similarity with Germany and the EU-15. In the future, further decreases in DMI as well as in TMR of fossils fuels might be expected in the Czech Republic, which could be counteracted by increase in DMI and TMR of metal ores/metal resources and non-metallic minerals/non-metallic resources. The future development of total DMI, TMR and material/resource intensity in both the Czech Republic and Germany will depend on further shifts to less material intensive industries and services and on increasing material efficiency in production and consumption of particular products. This is not only a technological, but also a social challenge, as there are barriers in current mode of governance and in shaping of current economic and social systems to do so.