Zukünftige Energie- und Industriesysteme
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The CO2 utilisation is discussed as one of the future low-carbon technologies in order to accomplish a full decarbonisation in the energy intensive industry. CO2 is separated from the flue gas stream of power plants or industrial plants and is prepared for further processing as raw material. CO2 containing gas streams from industrial processes exhibit a higher concentration of CO2 than flue gases from power plants; consequentially, industrial CO2 sources are used as raw material for the chemical industry and for the synthesis of fuel on the output side. Additionally, fossil resources can be replaced by substitutes of reused CO2 on the input side. If set up in a right way, this step into a CO2-based circular flow economy could make a contribution to the decarbonisation of the industrial sector and according to the adjusted potential, even rudimentarily to the energy sector.
In this study, the authors analyse potential CO2 sources, the potential demand and the range of applications of CO2. In the last chapter of the final report, they give recommendations for research, development, politics and economics for an appropriate future designing of CO2 utilisation options based upon their previous analysis.
Die Akteurswende
(2015)
Die zunehmende Abkehr vom ursprünglichen EEG-Vergütungssystem mit einer festen Einspeisevergütung hin zu einer mehr und mehr marktorientierten Ausrichtung führt zu der Frage, ob die Umstrukturierung des EEG am Ende zu einer neuen Phase der Energiewende führt, der Neo-EEG-Phase.
Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die Veränderungen und Entwicklungsphasen des EEG mit besonderem Blick auf die Akteure des Stromsystems analysiert. Im Kontext der Energiewende können die zu beobachtenden und teils deutlich einschneidenden Veränderungen für alle Akteure des Systems durchaus als "Akteurswende" verstanden werden.
Energy systems with high shares of renewable electricity are feasible, but require balancing measures such as storage, grid exchange or demand-side management to maintain system stability. The demand for these balancing options cannot be assessed separately since they influence each other. Therefore, a model was developed to analyze these mutual dependencies by optimizing a concerted use of balancing technologies. This model is presented here. It covers the European electricity system in hourly resolution. Since this leads to a large optimization problem, several options for reducing system complexity are presented. The application of the model is illustrated with a case study outlining the effects of pumped hydro storage and controlled charging of electric vehicles in central Europe.